package io.prometheus.metrics.exporter.httpserver;

import com.sun.net.httpserver.Authenticator;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpContext;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsConfigurator;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsServer;
import io.prometheus.metrics.annotations.StableApi;
import io.prometheus.metrics.config.PrometheusProperties;
import io.prometheus.metrics.model.registry.PrometheusRegistry;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.security.PrivilegedActionException;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.security.auth.Subject;

/**
 * Expose Prometheus metrics using a plain Java HttpServer.
 *
 * <p>Example Usage:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * HTTPServer server = HTTPServer.builder()
 *     .port(9090)
 *     .buildAndStart();
 * }</pre>
 */
@StableApi
public class HTTPServer implements Closeable {

  private static final int DEFAULT_MIN_THREADS = 10;
  private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_THREADS = 10;
  private static final int DEFAULT_QUEUE_SIZE = 100;

  static {
    if (!System.getProperties().containsKey("sun.net.httpserver.maxReqTime")) {
      System.setProperty("sun.net.httpserver.maxReqTime", "60");
    }

    if (!System.getProperties().containsKey("sun.net.httpserver.maxRspTime")) {
      System.setProperty("sun.net.httpserver.maxRspTime", "600");
    }
  }

  protected final HttpServer server;
  protected final ExecutorService executorService;

  private HTTPServer(
      PrometheusProperties config,
      ExecutorService executorService,
      HttpServer httpServer,
      PrometheusRegistry registry,
      @Nullable Authenticator authenticator,
      @Nullable String authenticatedSubjectAttributeName,
      @Nullable HttpHandler defaultHandler,
      @Nullable String metricsHandlerPath,
      @Nullable Boolean registerHealthHandler,
      HttpErrorHandlingPolicy errorHandlingPolicy) {
    if (httpServer.getAddress() == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("HttpServer hasn't been bound to an address");
    }
    this.server = httpServer;
    this.executorService = executorService;
    String metricsPath = getMetricsPath(metricsHandlerPath);
    try {
      server.removeContext("/");
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
      // context "/" not registered yet, ignore
    }
    registerHandler(
        "/",
        defaultHandler == null ? new DefaultHandler(metricsPath) : defaultHandler,
        authenticator,
        authenticatedSubjectAttributeName);
    try {
      server.removeContext(metricsPath);
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
      // context metricsPath not registered yet, ignore
    }
    registerHandler(
        metricsPath,
        new MetricsHandler(config, registry, errorHandlingPolicy),
        authenticator,
        authenticatedSubjectAttributeName);
    if (registerHealthHandler == null || registerHealthHandler) {
      registerHandler(
          "/-/healthy", new HealthyHandler(), authenticator, authenticatedSubjectAttributeName);
    }
    try {
      // HttpServer.start() starts the HttpServer in a new background thread.
      // If we call HttpServer.start() from a thread of the executorService,
      // the background thread will inherit the "daemon" property,
      // i.e. the server will run as a Daemon thread.
      // See https://github.com/prometheus/client_java/pull/955
      this.executorService.submit(this.server::start).get();
      // calling .get() on the Future here to avoid silently discarding errors
    } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  private String getMetricsPath(@Nullable String metricsHandlerPath) {
    if (metricsHandlerPath == null) {
      return "/metrics";
    }
    if (!metricsHandlerPath.startsWith("/")) {
      return "/" + metricsHandlerPath;
    }
    return metricsHandlerPath;
  }

  private void registerHandler(
      String path,
      HttpHandler handler,
      @Nullable Authenticator authenticator,
      @Nullable String subjectAttributeName) {
    HttpContext context = server.createContext(path, wrapWithDoAs(handler, subjectAttributeName));
    if (authenticator != null) {
      context.setAuthenticator(authenticator);
    }
  }

  private HttpHandler wrapWithDoAs(HttpHandler handler, @Nullable String subjectAttributeName) {
    if (subjectAttributeName == null) {
      return handler;
    }

    // invoke handler using the subject.doAs from the named attribute
    return new HttpHandler() {
      @Override
      public void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
        Object authSubject = exchange.getAttribute(subjectAttributeName);
        if (authSubject instanceof Subject) {
          try {
            Subject.doAs(
                (Subject) authSubject,
                (PrivilegedExceptionAction<IOException>)
                    () -> {
                      handler.handle(exchange);
                      return null;
                    });
          } catch (PrivilegedActionException e) {
            if (e.getException() != null) {
              throw new IOException(e.getException());
            } else {
              throw new IOException(e);
            }
          }
        } else {
          exchange.getRequestBody().close();
          exchange.sendResponseHeaders(403, -1);
          exchange.close();
        }
      }
    };
  }

  /** Stop the HTTP server. Same as {@link #close()}. */
  public void stop() {
    close();
  }

  /** Stop the HTTPServer. Same as {@link #stop()}. */
  @Override
  public void close() {
    server.stop(0);
    executorService.shutdown(); // Free any (parked/idle) threads in pool
  }

  /**
   * Gets the port number. This is useful if you did not specify a port and the server picked a free
   * port automatically.
   */
  public int getPort() {
    return server.getAddress().getPort();
  }

  public static Builder builder() {
    return new Builder(PrometheusProperties.get());
  }

  public static Builder builder(PrometheusProperties config) {
    return new Builder(config);
  }

  public static class Builder {

    private final PrometheusProperties config;
    @Nullable private Integer port = null;
    @Nullable private String hostname = null;
    @Nullable private InetAddress inetAddress = null;
    @Nullable private ExecutorService executorService = null;
    @Nullable private PrometheusRegistry registry = null;
    @Nullable private Authenticator authenticator = null;
    @Nullable private String authenticatedSubjectAttributeName = null;
    @Nullable private HttpsConfigurator httpsConfigurator = null;
    @Nullable private HttpHandler defaultHandler = null;
    @Nullable private String metricsHandlerPath = null;
    @Nullable private Boolean registerHealthHandler = null;
    private HttpErrorHandlingPolicy errorHandlingPolicy = HttpErrorHandlingPolicy.builder().build();

    private Builder(PrometheusProperties config) {
      this.config = config;
    }

    /**
     * Port to bind to. Default is 0, indicating that a random port will be selected. You can learn
     * the randomly selected port by calling {@link HTTPServer#getPort()}.
     */
    public Builder port(int port) {
      this.port = port;
      return this;
    }

    /**
     * Use this hostname to resolve the IP address to bind to. Must not be called together with
     * {@link #inetAddress(InetAddress)}. Default is empty, indicating that the HTTPServer binds to
     * the wildcard address.
     */
    public Builder hostname(String hostname) {
      this.hostname = hostname;
      return this;
    }

    /**
     * Bind to this IP address. Must not be called together with {@link #hostname(String)}. Default
     * is empty, indicating that the HTTPServer binds to the wildcard address.
     */
    public Builder inetAddress(InetAddress address) {
      this.inetAddress = address;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: ExecutorService used by the {@code httpServer}. */
    public Builder executorService(ExecutorService executorService) {
      this.executorService = executorService;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: Default is {@link PrometheusRegistry#defaultRegistry}. */
    public Builder registry(PrometheusRegistry registry) {
      this.registry = registry;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: {@link Authenticator} for authentication. */
    public Builder authenticator(Authenticator authenticator) {
      this.authenticator = authenticator;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: the attribute name of a Subject from a custom authenticator. */
    public Builder authenticatedSubjectAttributeName(String authenticatedSubjectAttributeName) {
      this.authenticatedSubjectAttributeName = authenticatedSubjectAttributeName;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: {@link HttpsConfigurator} for TLS/SSL */
    public Builder httpsConfigurator(HttpsConfigurator configurator) {
      this.httpsConfigurator = configurator;
      return this;
    }

    /**
     * Optional: Override default handler, i.e. the handler that will be registered for the /
     * endpoint.
     */
    public Builder defaultHandler(HttpHandler defaultHandler) {
      this.defaultHandler = defaultHandler;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: Override default path for the metrics endpoint. Default is {@code /metrics}. */
    public Builder metricsHandlerPath(String metricsHandlerPath) {
      this.metricsHandlerPath = metricsHandlerPath;
      return this;
    }

    /** Optional: Override if the health handler should be registered. Default is {@code true}. */
    public Builder registerHealthHandler(boolean registerHealthHandler) {
      this.registerHealthHandler = registerHealthHandler;
      return this;
    }

    /**
     * Configure how exceptions raised while scraping metrics are reported to the client and
     * optionally to a caller-supplied diagnostic sink.
     *
     * <p>Default is {@code HttpErrorHandlingPolicy.builder().build()}.
     */
    public Builder errorHandlingPolicy(HttpErrorHandlingPolicy errorHandlingPolicy) {
      if (errorHandlingPolicy == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException("errorHandlingPolicy");
      }
      this.errorHandlingPolicy = errorHandlingPolicy;
      return this;
    }

    /** Build and start the HTTPServer. */
    public HTTPServer buildAndStart() throws IOException {
      if (registry == null) {
        registry = PrometheusRegistry.defaultRegistry;
      }
      HttpServer httpServer;
      if (httpsConfigurator != null) {
        httpServer = HttpsServer.create(makeInetSocketAddress(), 3);
        ((HttpsServer) httpServer).setHttpsConfigurator(httpsConfigurator);
      } else {
        httpServer = HttpServer.create(makeInetSocketAddress(), 3);
      }
      ExecutorService executorService = makeExecutorService();
      httpServer.setExecutor(executorService);
      return new HTTPServer(
          config,
          executorService,
          httpServer,
          registry,
          authenticator,
          authenticatedSubjectAttributeName,
          defaultHandler,
          metricsHandlerPath,
          registerHealthHandler,
          errorHandlingPolicy);
    }

    private InetSocketAddress makeInetSocketAddress() {
      if (inetAddress != null) {
        assertNull(hostname, "cannot configure 'inetAddress' and 'hostname' at the same time");
        return new InetSocketAddress(inetAddress, findPort());
      } else if (hostname != null) {
        return new InetSocketAddress(hostname, findPort());
      } else {
        return new InetSocketAddress(findPort());
      }
    }

    private ExecutorService makeExecutorService() {
      if (executorService != null) {
        return executorService;
      } else {
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(
            DEFAULT_MIN_THREADS,
            DEFAULT_MAX_THREADS,
            120,
            TimeUnit.SECONDS,
            new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(DEFAULT_QUEUE_SIZE),
            NamedDaemonThreadFactory.defaultThreadFactory(true));
      }
    }

    private int findPort() {
      if (config != null && config.getExporterHttpServerProperties() != null) {
        Integer port = config.getExporterHttpServerProperties().getPort();
        if (port != null) {
          return port;
        }
      }
      if (port != null) {
        return port;
      }
      return 0; // random port will be selected
    }

    private void assertNull(@Nullable Object o, String msg) {
      if (o != null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
      }
    }
  }
}